Dover Castle Facts & Figures

Key numbers, historical dates, and quick-reference facts about England's mightiest medieval fortress.

Dover Castle at a Glance

AD 50
Roman Pharos Built
1180s
Great Tower Completed
34
Acres (Site Area)
83 ft
Great Tower Height
21 ft
Maximum Wall Thickness
338,226
Troops Evacuated at Dunkirk
21 mi
Distance to France
850
Vessels in Operation Dynamo
3
Tunnel Levels Below the Cliff
9 days
Duration of Operation Dynamo

Key Facts & Figures

FactDetail
Official nameDover Castle
LocationCastle Hill Road, Dover, Kent, CT16 1HU
Managed byEnglish Heritage
Site areaApproximately 34 acres (14 hectares)
NicknameThe Key to England
Construction beganc. 1066 (Norman earthwork); major stone construction from 1181
Great Tower built byKing Henry II, 1181–1188
Great Tower heightApproximately 83 feet (25 metres)
Great Tower wall thicknessUp to 21 feet (6.4 metres) at the base
Roman Pharos builtc. AD 50
Roman Pharos surviving heightApproximately 40 feet (12 metres)
Distance to France21 miles (34 km) at narrowest point
Secret Wartime Tunnels excavated1797–1809 (Napoleonic); expanded 1939–41 (WWII)
Operation Dynamo26 May – 4 June 1940
Troops evacuated at Dunkirk338,226 British and Allied troops
Vessels used in Operation DynamoApproximately 850
Commanded byVice-Admiral Bertram Ramsay (Operation Dynamo)
UNESCO designationNot individually listed; Canterbury World Heritage Site is 15 miles away
English Heritage gradeGrade I listed building and Scheduled Ancient Monument
AdmissionAdults from £23.60; Members free
Opening hours (summer)Daily 10am–5pm (28 March – 24 October 2026)

Historical Timeline

c. AD 50 — Romans construct the Pharos lighthouse on the clifftop.

Late 10th century — Saxon church of St Mary in Castro built beside the Roman Pharos.

1066 — William the Conqueror builds an earth-and-timber castle within 8 days of the Battle of Hastings.

1181–1188 — Henry II constructs the Great Tower and inner curtain walls at a cost of over £6,000.

1216–17 — French Prince Louis besieges the castle; Constable Hubert de Burgh holds out. The north gate is redesigned afterward.

1520 — Henry VIII receives Holy Roman Emperor Charles V at Dover Castle.

1797–1809 — Napoleonic-era tunnels carved into the chalk cliff to house 2,000 troops.

1939–41 — WWII expansion of the tunnels; Ramsay's operations headquarters established.

26 May – 4 June 1940 — Operation Dynamo: 338,226 Allied troops evacuated from Dunkirk.

1950s–60s — Cold War extension of tunnels as Regional Seat of Government bunker.

1984 — Dover Castle opens to the public as a major English Heritage attraction.

💡 Did You Know?

Dover Castle is described as the "largest castle in England" by some sources — a title also claimed by Windsor Castle. The distinction depends on whether you measure by enclosed ground area or by the extent of the fortified perimeter. By most measures of total enclosed area, Dover is the largest.

Ready to explore these facts in person? See all available Dover Castle tours and tickets, or read more in our castle history and architecture guide.